| Comparison of marginal and internal fit of zirconia crowns fabricated by three-dimensional printing with different offset parameters: A preliminary pilot study |
Keunbada Son1 
, Ji-Min Lee1,2
, Wook-Tae Kim3
, Kyoung-Jun Jang4
, So-Yeun Kim5
, Kyu-Bok Lee1,5
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1Advanced Dental Device Development Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
2Department of Dental Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
3Department of Dental Technology & Science, Shinhan University, 95 Hoam-ro, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
43D Controls Co. Ltd., Busan, Korea
5Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea |
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Received: 4 March 2025 • Revised: 4 April 2025 • Accepted: 17 April 2025 |
| Abstract |
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of zirconia crowns fabricated using 3-dimensional (3D) printing technology with different offset parameters.
Materials and Methods
A maxillary right first molar of a standard typodont (D85DP-500B.1; Nissin Dental, Kyoto, Japan) was prepared for a zirconia crown with a 1.0 mm margin. Virtual casts were obtained using an intraoral scanner (i700; MEDIT, Seoul, Republic of Korea). Crown designs were created with CAD software (Dentbird; IMAGOWORKS, Seoul, Republic of Korea) using specific parameters: cement space (50 µm), adaptive extra gap (0 µm), height for minimal gap (50 µm), and margin width (100 µm). Zirconia crowns were fabricated using a vat photopolymerization DLP 3D printer (TD6+; 3D Controls, Busan, Republic of Korea). Two offset groups were defined: the Offset -70 µm group (outermost XY-direction pixels reduced by one unit) and the Offset 0 µm group (no adjustment). All crowns were printed with a 50 µm Z-layer thickness. Eighteen crowns were fabricated (N = 9 per group). Marginal and internal fit measurements were conducted using the triple-scan method. The measured marginal and internal gaps were statistically compared using an independent t-test (α = 0.05).
Results
The offset -70 µm group demonstrated significantly smaller marginal gaps (P<0.05) and internal gaps (P>0.05) compared to the offset 0 µm group.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that adjusting the XY-direction offset may help minimize manufacturing errors, enhancing the overall accuracy of zirconia crown fabrication. |
| Key Words:
Zirconium Oxide; Dental Prosthesis; Three-Dimensional Printing; Dental Marginal Adaptation; Computer-Aided Design |
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